feat(data-quality): 规则配置可编辑入口 + 经营口径排除接线（ASK-20260928-05 尾项）

依据：任总 2026-09-29 08:49「P1和P2批」放行 P1-cma-dq-rule-config-approval-20260923 ①③
     （派单件 0-P1-project-20260929-qrc-write-entry-and-demo-exclusion-fullstack）

三处尾项（本单）：

1) 前端可编辑入口（补拍板件 ① 未被上轮覆盖的部分）
   - frontend/src/views/DataQuality.vue：规则配置 Tab 由「只读」改为
     ceo/it 可编辑、finance/business 只读（角色口径与 router/index.ts:45 及
     系统设置页一致）；新增「操作/编辑」列（平台级项仅 it 可点、演示账套禁用）；
     编辑走 MyDialog（业务弹窗铁律），必填变更理由（>=10 字），取值区间/枚举
     由后端返回字段呈现，越界/非法一律如实回显后端 detail，前端不自造校验通过。

2) scope.excluded_entities 接线 + 出厂默认 [3,4,5,6]（拍板件 ③-2「排除」）
   - app/dq_rule_config.py：默认由 [] 改为 [3,4,5,6]；新增单一事实源
     EXCLUDED_ENTITIES_KEY / EXCLUDED_ENTITIES_FIELD、normalize_entity_ids()、
     excluded_entities_from_resolution()、excluded_entity_ids()、
     is_excluded_from_business_caliber()。
   - app/api/data_quality.py：新增 _excluded_clause()（仅全账套口径 eid=0 生效，
     COALESCE(col,1) NOT IN (...) 参数化，NULL 归属不吞行）与 _business_excluded()；
     七条规则的明细查询与 _detail_count 全部叠加排除子句；_plan_id_set /
     _pending_alert_plan_links 支持 excluded（播报口径同源）。
   - 响应新增 business_caliber{caliber,exclusion_applied,excluded_entities,included}
     与 scope_excluded_entities；单账套查询保持展示、仅标注不计入经营口径。
   - PUT /rule-config：平台级项改写全账套模板行（entity_id=0），审计 detail 与响应
     增 target_entity_id；GET 增 scope_note 与 write_contract{roles,platform_roles,
     min_reason_len,entity_config_entities,bot_channel_write,endpoint}。

3) 修复两处实现缺陷（本单测试新增用例的 RED 驱动）
   - excluded_entities_from_resolution() 取键与 resolve()["scope"] 的归组形态不一致
     （配了 scope. 全名去取已归组后的短名字典）⇒ 恒返回空集，接线静默失效；
     改为短名优先、全名兼容（EXCLUDED_ENTITIES_FIELD）。
   - upsert_param() 全局项 before 取值多一层 rule_key 查找 ⇒ before 恒 None；
     改为全局项直接以 param_key 为键。

4) 测试：tests/test_dq_rule_config_20260928.py 3 处既有断言按新口径更新 +
   新增 E 类 8 例（排除默认/单一事实源、全账套与单账套两种口径面、A/B 聚合差异
   只来自被排除账套、明细计数同源、平台级项改名单即时生效、平台级写落模板行）。

不改：判定表达式本体 / 级别归属 / 评分函数 / 规则集（DAMA §4 锁死 10 类）、
      unit_check.amount_threshold（保持 10000）、virtual_pollution 关键词表与来源白名单。

边界：本提交只含 4 文件（backend/app/dq_rule_config.py、
      backend/app/api/data_quality.py、backend/tests/test_dq_rule_config_20260928.py、
      frontend/src/views/DataQuality.vue）；未裹挟他人在制件
      （audit_log.py / migrate_subjects_entity_id_20260923.py / package.json）。

证据：pending-tasks/_evidence/ask5-tail-20260929/
      （pytest 全量 1 failed/1516 passed + 失败项归因 A/B、vue-tsc rc=0、
       ab-exclusion-pre-write.json 只读 A/B 原始输出、gate dry-run 等）

backend/tests/test_dq_rule_config_20260928.py

@@ -141,8 +141,8 @@ class TestSpecSurface:
             assert caps["deduct_factor"]["default"] == (3 if rule in
                    ("unit_check", "dup_alert", "orphan_check", "virtual_pollution", "entity_check") else 1)
         assert dqcfg.GLOBAL_SPEC["detail_limit"]["default"] == 10
-        # F6 排除名单默认空集（不排除）→ 不为本单引入第二个行为变更
-        assert dqcfg.GLOBAL_SPEC["scope.excluded_entities"]["default"] == []
+        # F6 排除名单出厂默认 = [3,4,5,6]（2026-09-29 尾项，拍板件 ③-2「排除」；DAMA §6.4）
+        assert dqcfg.GLOBAL_SPEC["scope.excluded_entities"]["default"] == [3, 4, 5, 6]
 
     def test_locked_items_cover_inventory_ten(self):
         """清单 §4 十类锁死面完整登记（少一类即视为私自扩面）。"""
@@ -215,8 +215,9 @@ class TestEngineWiring:
         assert r["config_version"] and len(r["config_version"]) == 12
         assert r["disabled"] == []
         assert r["config_source"]["table_ready"] is True
-        assert r["scope_excluded_entities"] == []
-        assert r["excluded_from_business_caliber"] is False
+        assert r["scope_excluded_entities"] == [3, 4, 5, 6]
+        assert r["excluded_from_business_caliber"] is False      # eid=1 不在名单
+        assert r["business_caliber"]["caliber"] == "entity"
 
     def test_sync_ab_three_states(self, db):
         """A/B：默认(0 命中) → 恢复旧关键词表+空白名单(7 命中) → 只留白名单(2 命中)。
@@ -356,9 +357,23 @@ class TestConfigEndpoints:
         assert vp["suspect_keywords"]["source"] == "builtin"
         assert vp["suspect_keywords"]["open_level"] == "entity"
         assert body["global_params"]["detail_limit"]["value"] == 10
-        assert body["scope"]["excluded_entities"] == []
+        assert body["scope"]["excluded_entities"] == [3, 4, 5, 6]   # F6 出厂默认（尾项 2026-09-29）
         assert len(body["locked"]) == 10
         assert body["readonly"] is True
+        # 写契约（前端编辑入口的判据来源，与 PUT 的 require_role 同口径）
+        wc = body["write_contract"]
+        assert wc["roles"] == ["ceo", "it"] and wc["platform_roles"] == ["it"]
+        assert wc["min_reason_len"] == dqcfg.MIN_REASON_LEN == 10
+        assert wc["bot_channel_write"] is False
+        assert wc["entity_config_entities"] == [1, 2]
+        assert wc["endpoint"] == "PUT /api/cma/data-quality/rule-config"
+        assert "已接线" in body["scope_note"]
+        # 前端呈现所需的类型/区间提示（仅提示，非校验通过依据）
+        th = body["rules"]["unit_check"]["params"]["amount_threshold"]
+        assert th["value_type"] == "int" and th["bounds"] == [100, 1000000]
+        assert th["overflow"] == "reject"
+        assert body["global_params"]["scope.excluded_entities"]["value"] == [3, 4, 5, 6]
+        assert body["global_params"]["scope.excluded_entities"]["open_level"] == "platform"
 
     def test_get_rule_config_finance_readonly_allowed(self, db, client):
         create_test_user(db, username="cfgfin", role="finance")
@@ -527,3 +542,146 @@ class TestTableMissingTolerance:
             assert {i["rule"]: i["count"] for i in gov.json()["issues"]}["unit_check"] == 1
         finally:
             QualityRuleConfig.__table__.create(bind=cf.TEST_ENGINE)
+
+
+# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+# E 经营口径排除（F6 / ASK-05 ③-2 接线，2026-09-29 尾项）
+#    口径：名单只对**全账套口径（eid=0）**生效 —— 被排除账套的行不计入评分/明细；
+#          单账套查询（eid!=0）保持展示，仅由响应字段标注「不计入经营口径」。
+# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+GLOBAL_KEY = dqcfg.GLOBAL_RULE_KEY          # "global"
+
+
+def _gov(db: Session, eid: int):
+    """跑真函数，返回 (各规则 count 字典, 完整结果)。"""
+    r = _run_governance_checks(db, eid)
+    return {i["rule"]: i["count"] for i in r["issues"]}, r
+
+
+def _seed_caliber_rows(db: Session) -> None:
+    """账套1（计入经营口径）+ 账套6（演示企业，被排除）各一条 unit_check 命中行。"""
+    db.add(Entity(id=6, name="演示企业", short_name="演示", status="demo"))
+    db.commit()
+    _mk_plan(db, entity_id=1, id=8101, amount=50000.0, source="batch_import")
+    _mk_plan(db, entity_id=6, id=8102, amount=80000.0, source="batch_import")
+
+
+class TestBusinessCaliberExclusion:
+    def test_default_is_346_and_single_source(self, db):
+        """出厂默认 [3,4,5,6]；编号规范化；判据函数与解析结果同源。"""
+        assert dqcfg.GLOBAL_SPEC["scope.excluded_entities"]["default"] == [3, 4, 5, 6]
+        assert dqcfg.excluded_entity_ids(db, 0) == [3, 4, 5, 6]
+        assert dqcfg.normalize_entity_ids([6, "5", 5, None, "x", -1, 3, 4]) == [6, 5, 3, 4]
+        assert dqcfg.is_excluded_from_business_caliber(6, [3, 4, 5, 6]) is True
+        assert dqcfg.is_excluded_from_business_caliber(1, [3, 4, 5, 6]) is False
+        assert dqcfg.is_excluded_from_business_caliber(0, [3, 4, 5, 6]) is False   # 全账套标识本身不排除
+
+    def test_caliber_surface_full_scope(self, db):
+        """全账套口径（eid=0）：exclusion_applied=True，excluded_from_business_caliber=False。"""
+        _seed_caliber_rows(db)
+        counts, r = _gov(db, 0)
+        assert r["scope_excluded_entities"] == [3, 4, 5, 6]
+        assert r["business_caliber"] == {
+            "caliber": "business", "exclusion_applied": True,
+            "excluded_entities": [3, 4, 5, 6], "included": True,
+        }
+        assert r["excluded_from_business_caliber"] is False
+        assert counts["unit_check"] == 1                     # 演示账套那条（80000）已被排除
+
+    def test_caliber_surface_single_entity_keeps_display(self, db):
+        """单账套口径（eid=6）：仍可查看自己的结果，仅标注不计入经营口径。"""
+        _seed_caliber_rows(db)
+        counts, r = _gov(db, 6)
+        assert counts["unit_check"] == 1                     # 展示保留
+        assert r["business_caliber"]["caliber"] == "entity"
+        assert r["business_caliber"]["exclusion_applied"] is False
+        assert r["business_caliber"]["included"] is False
+        assert r["excluded_from_business_caliber"] is True   # 标注=不计入
+
+    def test_ab_aggregate_only_excluded_entity_rows_drop(self, db):
+        """A/B：名单 [] （关）vs [3,4,5,6]（开）—— 差异**只能**来自被排除账套的行。"""
+        _seed_caliber_rows(db)
+        _mk_row(db, GLOBAL_KEY, dqcfg.EXCLUDED_ENTITIES_KEY, [], entity_id=0)
+        ca, ra = _gov(db, 0)
+        assert ra["business_caliber"]["exclusion_applied"] is False
+        assert ca["unit_check"] == 2
+
+        _mk_row(db, GLOBAL_KEY, dqcfg.EXCLUDED_ENTITIES_KEY, [3, 4, 5, 6], entity_id=0)
+        cb, rb = _gov(db, 0)
+        assert rb["business_caliber"]["exclusion_applied"] is True
+        assert cb["unit_check"] == 1
+        assert ra["score"] < rb["score"]                     # 排除后扣分减少 ⇒ 分数上升
+        for rule in ca:                                      # 其余规则逐项不变（无越界影响）
+            if rule != "unit_check":
+                assert ca[rule] == cb[rule], rule
+
+    def test_ab_detail_count_same_source(self, db):
+        """明细总数与评分同源：`_detail_count` 在同名单下的读数与 issues.count 一致。"""
+        from app.api.data_quality import _detail_count
+        _seed_caliber_rows(db)
+        with_exc = _detail_count(db, "unit_check", 0, excluded=[3, 4, 5, 6])
+        without = _detail_count(db, "unit_check", 0, excluded=[])
+        assert without == 2 and with_exc == 1
+        counts, _r = _gov(db, 0)
+        assert counts["unit_check"] == with_exc
+        # 单账套口径不受名单影响
+        assert _detail_count(db, "unit_check", 6, excluded=[3, 4, 5, 6]) == 1
+
+    def test_platform_write_of_excluded_list_changes_caliber(self, db, client):
+        """平台级项（仅 it）：写向全账套模板行；改名单纯读即改变经营口径（零代码回退）。"""
+        _seed_caliber_rows(db)
+        create_test_user(db, username="cmait2", role="it")
+        it = get_token_for_user(client, "cmait2")
+        r = client.put("/api/cma/data-quality/rule-config", headers=auth_header(it),
+                       json={"rule_key": GLOBAL_KEY, "param_key": dqcfg.EXCLUDED_ENTITIES_KEY,
+                             "value": [], "change_reason": REASON})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        assert r.json()["target_entity_id"] == 0 and r.json()["after"] == []
+        row = db.query(QualityRuleConfig).filter_by(
+            entity_id=0, rule_key=GLOBAL_KEY, param_key=dqcfg.EXCLUDED_ENTITIES_KEY).one()
+        assert row.updated_by == "cmait2"
+        counts, res = _gov(db, 0)
+        assert res["business_caliber"]["exclusion_applied"] is False and counts["unit_check"] == 2
+        # 恢复原型（幂等：同键原位更新，不新增行）
+        back = client.put("/api/cma/data-quality/rule-config", headers=auth_header(it),
+                          json={"rule_key": GLOBAL_KEY, "param_key": dqcfg.EXCLUDED_ENTITIES_KEY,
+                                "value": [3, 4, 5, 6], "change_reason": REASON})
+        assert back.status_code == 200 and back.json()["before"] == []
+        counts2, res2 = _gov(db, 0)
+        assert res2["business_caliber"]["exclusion_applied"] is True and counts2["unit_check"] == 1
+        assert db.query(QualityRuleConfig).filter_by(
+            entity_id=0, rule_key=GLOBAL_KEY, param_key=dqcfg.EXCLUDED_ENTITIES_KEY).count() == 1
+
+
+class TestPlatformWriteTarget:
+    """平台级项落全账套模板行（entity_id=0）——「一处写、全账套生效」。"""
+
+    def test_it_writes_template_row_and_audit_carries_target(self, db, client):
+        create_test_user(db, username="cmait3", role="it")
+        it = get_token_for_user(client, "cmait3")
+        r = client.put("/api/cma/data-quality/rule-config", headers=auth_header(it),
+                       json={"rule_key": "unit_check", "param_key": "detail_limit", "value": 25,
+                             "change_reason": REASON})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        body = r.json()
+        assert body["entity_id"] == 1 and body["target_entity_id"] == 0
+        assert "模板行" in body["note"]
+        assert db.query(QualityRuleConfig).filter_by(
+            entity_id=0, rule_key="unit_check", param_key="detail_limit").count() == 1
+        assert db.query(QualityRuleConfig).filter_by(
+            entity_id=1, rule_key="unit_check", param_key="detail_limit").count() == 0
+        log = db.query(OperationLog).filter_by(action="update_dq_rule_config").one()
+        assert log.detail["entity_id"] == 1 and log.detail["target_entity_id"] == 0
+        assert log.detail["open_level"] == "platform"
+
+    def test_entity_level_param_still_writes_own_row(self, db, client):
+        """账套级项不受模板改写影响：仍写本账套行，target_entity_id == 本账套。"""
+        token = _ceo_token(db, client)
+        r = client.put("/api/cma/data-quality/rule-config", headers=auth_header(token),
+                       json={"rule_key": "dup_alert", "param_key": "min_count", "value": 3,
+                             "change_reason": REASON})
+        assert r.status_code == 200 and r.json()["target_entity_id"] == 1
+        assert db.query(QualityRuleConfig).filter_by(
+            entity_id=1, rule_key="dup_alert", param_key="min_count").count() == 1
+        assert db.query(QualityRuleConfig).filter_by(
+            entity_id=0, rule_key="dup_alert", param_key="min_count").count() == 0