feat: DAMA数据治理规则检查（财务七规则）— 后端/check-governance + 前端数据质量中心升级

后端 backend/app/api/data_quality.py:
- 新增 GET /api/cma/data-quality/check-governance?entity_id= 端点
- 7条规则: unit_check单位校验/dup_alert重复预警/orphan_check孤儿预警/virtual_pollution虚拟污染/entity_check实体归属/kpi_completeness KPI完整性/reconciliation勾稽验证
- 质量评分: error扣10/warning扣5, 每条规则最多扣一次, 最低0分
- 兼容实体筛选(0全部/1酣客/2博海), 向后兼容既有/check端点

前端 frontend/src/api/index.ts + views/DataQuality.vue:
- dataQualityApi.checkGovernance() 新增
- 页面新增治理规则区: 质量评分仪表盘 + 7规则红黄绿状态表 + 异常明细展开 + 重新检查按钮 + 实体筛选

backend/app/api/data_quality.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 """
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
-from sqlalchemy import func, and_
+from sqlalchemy import func, and_, text
 from typing import Optional
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 import json
@@ -322,3 +322,197 @@ def quality_stats(db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
             "threshold_days": 180,
         },
     }
+
+
+# ============================================================
+# DAMA 数据治理规则检查（财务七规则）— 2026-08-30 P1
+# ============================================================
+
+RULES_META = {
+    "unit_check":        {"name": "单位校验",        "level": "error",   "desc": "cash_plans.amount > 10000（万元口径可疑，疑似单位错乱）"},
+    "dup_alert":         {"name": "重复预警",        "level": "error",   "desc": "同一plan_id存在多条pending应收预警（去重键错误）"},
+    "orphan_check":      {"name": "孤儿预警",        "level": "error",   "desc": "预警suggestion.plan_id指向不存在的cash_plans记录"},
+    "virtual_pollution": {"name": "虚拟污染",        "level": "error",   "desc": "cash_plans.source含test/虚拟等测试标识混入真实数据"},
+    "entity_check":      {"name": "实体归属",        "level": "error",   "desc": "kpi_values.entity_id与kpi_definitions.entity_id不一致"},
+    "kpi_completeness":  {"name": "KPI完整性",       "level": "warning", "desc": "active状态KPI无任何实际值的数量"},
+    "reconciliation":    {"name": "勾稽验证",        "level": "warning", "desc": "预算月度合计 vs 年度目标差异>20%"},
+}
+
+DETAIL_LIMIT = 10  # 每条规则detail最多列出的条数（避免响应过大）
+
+
+def _run_rule_checks(db: Session, entity_id: int = 0):
+    """执行7条DAMA治理规则，返回 issues 列表。entity_id=0 表示全部实体。"""
+    entity_filter = " AND cp.entity_id = :eid" if entity_id else ""
+
+    issues = []
+
+    # ── 规则1 单位校验 ──
+    rows = db.execute(text(
+        "SELECT cp.id, cp.entity_id, cp.amount, cp.source, cp.description "
+        "FROM cash_plans cp WHERE cp.amount > 10000" + entity_filter + " ORDER BY cp.amount DESC"
+    ), {"eid": entity_id}).fetchall()
+    issues.append({
+        "rule": "unit_check", "level": "error",
+        "count": len(rows),
+        "detail": [f"plan#{r.id} 金额{r.amount}(疑似元)" for r in rows[:DETAIL_LIMIT]]
+        + (["…等%d条" % len(rows)] if len(rows) > DETAIL_LIMIT else []),
+    })
+
+    # ── 规则2 重复预警（同plan_id多条pending应收预警）──
+    if entity_id:
+        dup_sql = text(
+            "SELECT JSON_EXTRACT(a.suggestion, '$.plan_id') AS pid, COUNT(*) c, MAX(p.entity_id) eid "
+            "FROM kpi_alerts a JOIN cash_plans p ON p.id = JSON_EXTRACT(a.suggestion, '$.plan_id') "
+            "WHERE a.alert_type='cash_plan' AND a.status='pending' AND JSON_VALID(a.suggestion) "
+            "AND a.suggestion LIKE '%plan_id%' AND p.entity_id = :eid "
+            "GROUP BY pid HAVING c > 1 ORDER BY c DESC"
+        )
+    else:
+        dup_sql = text(
+            "SELECT JSON_EXTRACT(a.suggestion, '$.plan_id') AS pid, COUNT(*) c, MAX(p.entity_id) eid "
+            "FROM kpi_alerts a JOIN cash_plans p ON p.id = JSON_EXTRACT(a.suggestion, '$.plan_id') "
+            "WHERE a.alert_type='cash_plan' AND a.status='pending' AND JSON_VALID(a.suggestion) "
+            "AND a.suggestion LIKE '%plan_id%' "
+            "GROUP BY pid HAVING c > 1 ORDER BY c DESC"
+        )
+    dup_rows = db.execute(dup_sql, {"eid": entity_id}).fetchall()
+    issues.append({
+        "rule": "dup_alert", "level": "error",
+        "count": len(dup_rows),
+        "detail": [f"plan#{r.pid} 重复预警×{r.c}" for r in dup_rows[:DETAIL_LIMIT]]
+        + (["…等%d个plan" % len(dup_rows)] if len(dup_rows) > DETAIL_LIMIT else []),
+    })
+
+    # ── 规则3 孤儿预警（plan_id指向不存在的cash_plans）──
+    orphan_sql = text(
+        "SELECT a.id, a.kpi_id, JSON_EXTRACT(a.suggestion, '$.plan_id') AS pid "
+        "FROM kpi_alerts a "
+        "WHERE a.alert_type='cash_plan' AND a.status='pending' AND JSON_VALID(a.suggestion) "
+        "AND a.suggestion LIKE '%plan_id%' "
+        "AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM cash_plans p WHERE p.id = JSON_EXTRACT(a.suggestion, '$.plan_id')) "
+        "ORDER BY a.id LIMIT 200"
+    )
+    orphan_rows = db.execute(orphan_sql).fetchall()
+    issues.append({
+        "rule": "orphan_check", "level": "error",
+        "count": len(orphan_rows),
+        "detail": [f"预警#{r.id}(kpi#{r.kpi_id}) → plan#{r.pid} 不存在" for r in orphan_rows[:DETAIL_LIMIT]]
+        + (["…等%d条" % len(orphan_rows)] if len(orphan_rows) > DETAIL_LIMIT else []),
+    })
+
+    # ── 规则4 虚拟污染（source含test/虚拟标识）──
+    rows = db.execute(text(
+        "SELECT cp.id, cp.entity_id, cp.source, cp.description FROM cash_plans cp "
+        "WHERE cp.source LIKE '%test%' OR cp.source LIKE '%虚拟%' OR cp.source LIKE '%demo%'"
+        + entity_filter + " ORDER BY cp.id LIMIT 200"
+    ), {"eid": entity_id}).fetchall()
+    issues.append({
+        "rule": "virtual_pollution", "level": "error",
+        "count": len(rows),
+        "detail": [f"plan#{r.id} source={r.source}" for r in rows[:DETAIL_LIMIT]]
+        + (["…等%d条" % len(rows)] if len(rows) > DETAIL_LIMIT else []),
+    })
+
+    # ── 规则5 实体归属（kpi_values.entity_id != kpi_definitions.entity_id）──
+    if entity_id:
+        ent_sql = text(
+            "SELECT v.id, v.kpi_id, d.kpi_code, v.entity_id AS v_eid, d.entity_id AS d_eid "
+            "FROM kpi_values v JOIN kpi_definitions d ON v.kpi_id = d.id "
+            "WHERE v.entity_id != d.entity_id AND v.entity_id = :eid ORDER BY v.id LIMIT 200"
+        )
+    else:
+        ent_sql = text(
+            "SELECT v.id, v.kpi_id, d.kpi_code, v.entity_id AS v_eid, d.entity_id AS d_eid "
+            "FROM kpi_values v JOIN kpi_definitions d ON v.kpi_id = d.id "
+            "WHERE v.entity_id != d.entity_id ORDER BY v.id LIMIT 200"
+        )
+    ent_rows = db.execute(ent_sql, {"eid": entity_id}).fetchall()
+    issues.append({
+        "rule": "entity_check", "level": "error",
+        "count": len(ent_rows),
+        "detail": [f"值#{r.id} {r.kpi_code} 实体{r.v_eid}≠定义实体{r.d_eid}" for r in ent_rows[:DETAIL_LIMIT]]
+        + (["…等%d条" % len(ent_rows)] if len(ent_rows) > DETAIL_LIMIT else []),
+    })
+
+    # ── 规则6 KPI完整性（active KPI无任何值）──
+    if entity_id:
+        comp_sql = text(
+            "SELECT d.id, d.kpi_code, d.kpi_name FROM kpi_definitions d "
+            "WHERE d.status='active' AND d.entity_id = :eid "
+            "AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM kpi_values v WHERE v.kpi_id = d.id) ORDER BY d.id LIMIT 300"
+        )
+    else:
+        comp_sql = text(
+            "SELECT d.id, d.kpi_code, d.kpi_name FROM kpi_definitions d "
+            "WHERE d.status='active' "
+            "AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM kpi_values v WHERE v.kpi_id = d.id) ORDER BY d.id LIMIT 300"
+        )
+    comp_rows = db.execute(comp_sql, {"eid": entity_id}).fetchall()
+    issues.append({
+        "rule": "kpi_completeness", "level": "warning",
+        "count": len(comp_rows),
+        "detail": [f"{r.kpi_code} {r.kpi_name}(无值)" for r in comp_rows[:DETAIL_LIMIT]]
+        + (["…等%d个KPI" % len(comp_rows)] if len(comp_rows) > DETAIL_LIMIT else []),
+    })
+
+    # ── 规则7 勾稽验证（预算月度合计 vs 年度目标差异>20%）──
+    if entity_id:
+        recon_sql = text(
+            "SELECT d.kpi_code, d.kpi_name, d.target_yearly, "
+            "SUM(b.budget_value) AS monthly_sum, "
+            "ROUND((SUM(b.budget_value) - d.target_yearly) / d.target_yearly * 100, 1) AS diff_pct "
+            "FROM kpi_definitions d JOIN budget_plans b ON b.kpi_id = d.id "
+            "WHERE d.status='active' AND d.target_yearly > 0 AND d.entity_id = :eid "
+            "GROUP BY d.id HAVING ABS(diff_pct) > 20 ORDER BY ABS(diff_pct) DESC LIMIT 200"
+        )
+    else:
+        recon_sql = text(
+            "SELECT d.kpi_code, d.kpi_name, d.target_yearly, "
+            "SUM(b.budget_value) AS monthly_sum, "
+            "ROUND((SUM(b.budget_value) - d.target_yearly) / d.target_yearly * 100, 1) AS diff_pct "
+            "FROM kpi_definitions d JOIN budget_plans b ON b.kpi_id = d.id "
+            "WHERE d.status='active' AND d.target_yearly > 0 "
+            "GROUP BY d.id HAVING ABS(diff_pct) > 20 ORDER BY ABS(diff_pct) DESC LIMIT 200"
+        )
+    recon_rows = db.execute(recon_sql, {"eid": entity_id}).fetchall()
+    issues.append({
+        "rule": "reconciliation", "level": "warning",
+        "count": len(recon_rows),
+        "detail": [f"{r.kpi_code} 预算合计{round(r.monthly_sum, 1)} vs 年度目标{r.target_yearly} 差异{r.diff_pct}%" for r in recon_rows[:DETAIL_LIMIT]]
+        + (["…等%d个KPI" % len(recon_rows)] if len(recon_rows) > DETAIL_LIMIT else []),
+    })
+
+    return issues
+
+
+@router.get("/check-governance")
+def check_governance(
+    entity_id: Optional[int] = Query(0, description="实体ID: 0=全部, 1=酣客, 2=博海"),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    """DAMA数据治理规则检查（财务七规则）— 返回质量评分+异常清单。
+
+    评分规则: 满分100，error级规则每条扣10分，warning级规则每条扣5分，
+    每条规则最多扣一次分（按规则是否命中，不按count累扣），最低0分。
+    """
+    issues = _run_rule_checks(db, entity_id or 0)
+
+    # 计算评分
+    score = 100
+    for item in issues:
+        if item["count"] > 0:
+            score -= 10 if item["level"] == "error" else 5
+    score = max(0, score)
+
+    passed = [item["rule"] for item in issues if item["count"] == 0]
+
+    return {
+        "checked_at": datetime.now().isoformat(timespec="seconds"),
+        "entity_id": entity_id or 0,
+        "score": score,
+        "total_rules": len(issues),
+        "issues": issues,
+        "passed": passed,
+        "rules_meta": RULES_META,
+    }