cma-management/backend/app/api/products.py

"""波士顿产品矩阵 API — 四象限分析"""
from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Query, Request
from typing import Optional
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from app.database import get_db
from app.deps import assert_entity_scope
from app.models import ProductSales
from collections import defaultdict

router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/cma/products", tags=["产品矩阵"])


def _calc_quadrant(trend: float, margin: float) -> str:
    """四象限分类：
    横轴=近3月销售趋势（正=增长），纵轴=毛利率
    明星(Star) = 高趋势+高毛利
    现金牛(CashCow) = 低趋势+高毛利
    问题(QuestionMark) = 高趋势+低毛利
    瘦狗(Dog) = 低趋势+低毛利
    """
    trend_high = trend >= 0
    margin_high = margin >= 0
    if trend_high and margin_high:
        return "star"
    if not trend_high and margin_high:
        return "cash_cow"
    if trend_high and not margin_high:
        return "question_mark"
    return "dog"


@router.get("/matrix")
def get_product_matrix(
    request: Request,
    entity_id: Optional[int] = Query(None, ge=1, description="实体ID（须与会话账套一致）；缺省按会话账套"),
    months: int = Query(3, ge=1, le=6, description="趋势计算月数"),
    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
):
    """产品矩阵：横轴=销售趋势，纵轴=毛利率，气泡=销售额

    多租户（cma-cross-entity-endpoints-auth-20260914）：
      登录会话以 token 绑定账套为准，显式 entity_id 不一致 → 403（同 growth-quality 文案）。
    """
    session_entity = assert_entity_scope(request, entity_id, db)
    target_entity = session_entity if session_entity is not None else (entity_id or 1)
    entity_id = target_entity
    # 取最近 months+1 个月（多取1个月用于计算趋势）
    periods = db.query(ProductSales.period_month).filter(
        ProductSales.entity_id == entity_id
    ).distinct().order_by(ProductSales.period_month.desc()).limit(months + 1).all()
    periods = sorted([p[0] for p in periods])

    if len(periods) < 2:
        return {
            "entity_id": entity_id,
            "has_data": False,
            "message": "数据不足，至少需要2个月数据",
            "quadrants": [],
            "products": [],
        }

    trend_periods = periods[-months:]  # 最近 months 个月
    prev_periods = periods[:-months] if len(periods) > months else periods[:1]

    # 加载数据
    rows = db.query(ProductSales).filter(
        ProductSales.entity_id == entity_id,
        ProductSales.period_month.in_(periods),
    ).all()

    # 按商品聚合
    products = defaultdict(lambda: {
        "code": "", "name": "", "months": {},
        "total_sales": 0, "total_qty": 0, "total_gross": 0,
    })
    for row in rows:
        p = products[row.product_code]
        p["code"] = row.product_code
        p["name"] = row.product_name
        p["months"][row.period_month] = {
            "sales": float(row.sales_amount or 0),
            "margin": float(row.gross_margin_rate or 0),
            "gross": float(row.gross_profit or 0),
            "qty": int(row.sales_qty or 0),
        }
        p["total_sales"] += float(row.sales_amount or 0)
        p["total_qty"] += int(row.sales_qty or 0)
        p["total_gross"] += float(row.gross_profit or 0)

    # 计算每个商品的趋势和毛利率
    result_products = []
    for code, p in products.items():
        # 趋势 = 最近月份 vs 前一月的环比（取趋势期间的平均环比增速）
        # 用最近3个月的销售序列做简单线性趋势
        trend_sales = []
        for pp in periods:
            trend_sales.append(p["months"].get(pp, {}).get("sales", 0))
        # 线性回归斜率（最小二乘）
        n = len(trend_sales)
        if n >= 2:
            xs = list(range(n))
            x_mean = sum(xs) / n
            y_mean = sum(trend_sales) / n
            numerator = sum((xs[i] - x_mean) * (trend_sales[i] - y_mean) for i in range(n))
            denominator = sum((xs[i] - x_mean) ** 2 for i in range(n))
            slope = numerator / denominator if denominator else 0
            # 斜率转为百分比（相对期间平均销售）
            avg = y_mean if y_mean != 0 else 1
            trend = slope / abs(avg) * 100
        else:
            trend = 0.0

        # 毛利率 = 加权平均（按销售额）
        weighted_margin = 0.0
        total_sales_for_margin = 0
        for pp in trend_periods:
            m = p["months"].get(pp)
            if m and m["sales"] > 0:
                weighted_margin += m["margin"] * m["sales"]
                total_sales_for_margin += m["sales"]
        if total_sales_for_margin > 0:
            weighted_margin = weighted_margin / total_sales_for_margin
        else:
            # 无销售用平均毛利率
            margins = [p["months"][pp]["margin"] for pp in p["months"] if p["months"][pp]["margin"] != 0]
            weighted_margin = sum(margins) / len(margins) if margins else 0

        quadrant = _calc_quadrant(trend, weighted_margin)

        result_products.append({
            "code": code,
            "name": p["name"],
            "total_sales": round(p["total_sales"], 2),
            "total_qty": p["total_qty"],
            "total_gross": round(p["total_gross"], 2),
            "trend_pct": round(trend, 1),
            "margin_pct": round(weighted_margin, 1),
            "quadrant": quadrant,
        })

    # 按销售额排序
    result_products.sort(key=lambda x: -x["total_sales"])

    # 四象限汇总
    quadrant_labels = {
        "star": {"label": "明星产品", "icon": "🌟", "advice": "高增长+有毛利，重点主推，加大投入"},
        "cash_cow": {"label": "现金牛", "icon": "🥇", "advice": "销量大但增长放缓，维持稳定产出"},
        "question_mark": {"label": "问题产品", "icon": "❓", "advice": "增长好但毛利低，优化成本或提价"},
        "dog": {"label": "瘦狗产品", "icon": "🐶", "advice": "低增长+低毛利，考虑清库存或停产"},
    }
    quadrants = []
    for q in ["star", "cash_cow", "question_mark", "dog"]:
        items = [p for p in result_products if p["quadrant"] == q]
        quadrants.append({
            "key": q,
            **quadrant_labels[q],
            "count": len(items),
            "products": items,
        })

    return {
        "entity_id": entity_id,
        "has_data": True,
        "periods": periods,
        "months_analyzed": months,
        "quadrants": quadrants,
        "products": result_products,
    }